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Cornus mas plant3/28/2023 ![]() ![]() The settlers who arrived here were mostly craftsmen and farmers of diverse origin: Christianized Muslims, Bunjevci and Catholics from the coast and upper Pokuplje (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Until the beginning of the 18th century, there were no major settlements located where the town of Gospić is today. This situation was disrupted by the Ottomans, who reached Lika in the 16th century. White Vlachs, who lived around Velebit and Dinara in the Middle Ages, were Roman Catholics, while the Black Vlachs were partly Bogumili, and partly members of the Orthodox church. Croats differed from the Vlach population in never having engaged in nomadic cattle breeding but always having lived in permanent settlements. The related Black Vlachs lived in the eastern areas of the Dinarides and wore black woolen clothes. Throughout the entire Middle Ages, the Dinaric Vlachs were nomadic pastoralists who lived without permanent settlements and were tied to their herds. Locals had very close connections to the mountain ecosystem they lived in. Therefore, livestock was necessary for sustenance. Since the Iron Age, nomadism in the transhumance livestock economy of Lika was conditioned by its natural constitution (mountainous area and harsh climatic conditions), which prevented other economic activities, such as agriculture, from emerging. As far as we know, throughout history, different invaders crossed paths in the central Lika region, which was located on the border between the Ottoman Empire and Europe (16th–17th century). ![]() The evolving dynamics of ethnobotanical knowledge transmission have been found to be affected by different drivers, including political, historical, geographical and cultural differences between rural and urban and historical ethnogenic circumstances. The traditional use of plants in the study area shows many signs of abandonment, and therefore efforts must be made to maintain the knowledge recorded in our study. The use of Helleborus dumetorum for ethnoveterinary practices is also worth noting. The most important finding of the study is the use of the parasitic fungus Taphrina pruni (Fuckel) Tul. We can assume that the differences in ethnobotanical knowledge between the three studied areas are partly due to minor differences in climate and topography, while other causes lie in the higher degree of rurality and stronger ties to nature in the Lovinac and Perušić areas. The use of Chenopodium album has also died out. fallax, Gentiana lutea and Ribes uva-crispa. Species that are difficult to find in nature today and are no longer used include: Veratrum sp., Rhamnus alpinum ssp. torminalis) is an interesting local tradition in Perušić and Lovinac. The consumption of the Sorbus species ( S. The medicinal use of herbal tea Rubus caesius and Cydonia oblonga against diarrhea was well known in the study area and is used medicinally, mainly in the rural parts of the Gospić area. In the town of Gospić, the collection and use of plants was not so widespread, with only 61 species mentioned, the most common being: Achillea millefolium, Cornus mas, Sambucus nigra, Viola sp., Prunus domestica and Rosa canina. The most common species used there are: Rosa canina, Achillea millefolium, Cornus mas, Crataegus monogyna, Sambucus nigra and Prunus domestica. In the Lovinac region, people used fewer species of plants (76 species mentioned). The most commonly noted plants are Prunus spinosa, Taraxacum spp., Rosa canina, Urtica dioica, Juglans regia and Fragaria vesca. In the Perušić area, (101 taxa mentioned), some people still use wild plants on a daily basis for various purposes. The results showed quite large differences between the three studied areas in terms of ethnobotanical and ecological knowledge. The use of 111 plant taxa from 50 plant families and five taxa of mushrooms and fungi belonging to five families was recorded (on average 27 taxa per interview). Forty in-depth semi-structured interviews were performed. ![]() The range of the study area was about 60 km. This study analyzed the use of plants and fungi, some wild and some cultivated, in three municipalities of Lika-Senj County (Perušić, Gospić and Lovinac).
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